Can I amend my 2023 federal return to take the tax credit for the purchase of my Tesla last year, even though I took the standard deduction?If so, what are the steps?

Using the Standard Deduction has no bearing on whether or not you can use the EV credit.

If your tax liability on the 2023 tax return was zero, the EV credit will not be used or carried forward to the next tax year.  If the tax liability was not zero and you use the EV credit to reduce your liability to zero any remaining credit will not be used.

See this TurboTax support FAQ for amending a current year tax return - https://ttlc.intuit.com/turbotax-support/en-us/help-article/tax-return/amend-federal-tax-return-current-year/L7eS6o1qh_US_en_US?uid=lfunevhk

For an energy-efficient vehicle tax credit

Click on Federal Taxes (Personal using Home & Business)
Click on Deductions and Credits
Click on I'll choose what I work on (if shown)
Scroll down to Cars and Other Things You Own
On Energy-Efficient Vehicles, click the start or update button

Or enter energy efficient vehicle in the Search box located in the upper right of the program screen. Click on Jump to energy efficient vehicle