I received my card in the mail and I activated it. But I only have the state refund in it. When or how do I get my federal refund?

When you filed your federal tax return and you selected your direct deposit with the Turbo Visa Debit Card the card will not reflect your federal refund until the IRS approves and sends your refund and it is posted to your card's account. According to the IRS website What to expect for Refunds This Year more than 9 out of 10 refunds are issued in less than 21 days after the IRS accepts the tax return when you e-file and choose direct deposit as your refund choice. 

check your refund status on Where’s My Refund? it has the most up to date information available about your refund. The tool is updated daily (usually overnight) so you will just usually need to check once a day.

For more on the timing of your refund please see this TurboTax FAQ.