My tax return with turbotax was submitted months ago, and now I want to pay from my bank account, but the IRS web site doesn't recognize that I submitted a 2019 return

The IRS does not need to recognize that you submitted a 2019 tax return for you to make a payment. Many times files make a payment at the same time they file their taxes and the IRS doesn't know their taxes were filed. Did you mail your return and print and mail it yourself? Some think that TurboTax mails your return for you but they don't.

If you mailed your return, it is possible the IRS has not yet opened it to start processing it. They are way behind processing returns and didn't even process mailed returns for many weeks. You can't check the status of a mailed return until they start processing it. 

If you efiled your return, have you confirmed that it was submitted and accepted by the IRS? Use this link to confirm: https://shop.turbotax.intuit.com/efile/efile_status_lookup.jsp

If your efiled return was accepted, you should be able to track the status using the tracking web site: https://www.irs.gov/refunds

Here is an IRS Q&A with information about refunds:
https://www.irs.gov/refunds/tax-season-refund-frequently-asked-questions