So I answered something similar to this previously, and the article you have a link for supports the general rule that the stipend is not subject to Self-Employment tax.
What is missing below is the standard deduction, which is $14,600. While adjusted gross income may be $10K in your example below after you apply the standard deduction the taxable income is $0.
The tax brackets for 2024 are:
2024 Filing Status: Single, Married Filing Jointly (MFJ), and Qualifying Surviving Spouse (QSS)
Tax Rate
Single Taxable Income Range (2024)
MFJ and QSS Taxable Income Range (2024)
10%
Not over $11,600
Not over $23,200
12%
Over $11,600 but not over $47,150
Over $23,200 but not over $94,300
22%
Over $47,150 but not over $100,525
Over $94,300 but not over $201,050
24%
Over $100,525 but not over $191,950
Over $201,050 but not over $383,900
32%
Over $191,950 but not over $243,725
Over $383,900 but not over $487,450
35%
Over $243,725 but not over $609,350
Over $487,450 but not over $731,200
37%
Over $609,350
Over $731,200
2024 Filing Status: Head of Household (HOH) and Married Filing Separately (MFS)
Tax Rate
HOH Taxable Income Range (2024)
MFS Taxable Income Range (2024)
10%
Not over $16,550
Not over $11,600
12%
Over $16,550 but not over $63,100
Over $11,600 but not over $47,150
22%
Over $63,100 but not over $100,500
Over $47,150 but not over $100,525
24%
Over $100,500 but not over $191,950
Over $100,525 but not over $191,950
32%
Over $191,950 but not over $243,700
Over $191,950 but not over $243,725
35%
Over $243,700 but not over $609,350
Over $243,725 but not over $365,600
37%
Over $609,350
Over $365,600
If your filing status is single the standard deduction would be $14,600 for tax year 2024. If Married Filing Jointly it is $29,200.
You should be annualizing your income over the whole year. If it below the standard deduction you would have no taxable income.