Could I have filed claiming my husband who passes 1/24/2023

Not on your 2024 tax return if he died in 2023.  And a spouse is never a dependent.  You could file a Joint return for 2023 the year he passed.  

You can file a Joint return as normal the year your spouse died. For the next two years following a husband's or wife's death, the surviving spouse can file as a qualifying widow or widower if they have a qualifying child. That basically lets you continue to use the same tax brackets that apply to married-filing-jointly returns. After the year of death if you don't have a child you file as Single. And then the next year start over with a new return and new account. And don't transfer from the prior year.