How do I update my phone number in my intuit account to sync with my turbo tax return?

I'm not sure what you mean by "sync with" your return, but in any case, I can tell you how you can change your phone number in your Intuit Account settings.   When you do, be sure to verify it using the link next to it, and it'll send you a code to verify.

Log into your Online account.

In the left menu column scroll way down and click on Intuit Account.

Then when inside the Intuit Account click on Sign in & security.

Choose the Phone category and expand it.

It should show your current phone number with a "Change" link next to it.

Also, you can review your other settings while in your account settings, such as email address, etc.

In the left column you can select other things to review, if desired, such as Preferences, etc.