My employer entered a different last name from mine on my tax form, will this affect me any type of way when I file my taxes?

If your employer used the wrong name (married name?)  you just need to use the name that matches your current Social Security card.  And talk to the employer to have them start using the correct name.

Is the last name on your W-2 the same as the last name on your current Social Security card?

If your W-2 form has a different last name than your current legal name, it is not a problem for e-filing. The IRS matches your tax return with your Social Security number, not your name. However, if you are due a refund and requested direct deposit and the name on the refund does not match the name on the account it MIGHT be refused and sent back to the IRS to issue you a paper check.  You would have to check with your bank or financial institution. However, it is recommended that you inform your employer to get a corrected W-2 to avoid any confusion