My tax rate and resulting tax amount does not match the tax table in the 1040 instructions. How can I see how turbo tax determined the tax rate?

Yes, if your tax on line 16 doesn't match the tax tables, you should look for a smart worksheet for that line. This will indicate whether an alternative calculation was used. 

The image below shows the smart worksheet for a return where the Qualified Dividends and Capital Gain Tax Worksheet was used to calculate the tax. 

You can preview this in TurboTax Online:

1. Open your return.
2. Select Tax Tools from the left-side menu, then Tools.
3. Select View Tax Summary in the pop up box.
4. Select Preview my 1040 from the left-side menu.
5. You will see the Form 1040 with Schedules 1, 2 and 3.
6. When you are done, select Back from the left-side menu. 

If you are using TurboTax Desktop:

1. Select the Forms icon toward the upper right corner.
2. Highlight Form 1040 in the list on the left. 
3. Find line 16. 
4. Select Step-by-Step to return to the interview.