The IRS imposes a 10% additional tax on certain early distributions from certain retirement plans. The additional tax is equal to 10% of the portion of the distribution that's includible in gross income.
Also, Many tax-favored accounts, including IRAs, 401(k)s, HSAs, ESAs, and ABLE accounts, have annual contribution limits. The IRS imposes a penalty of 6% of the excess amount for each year that it remains in your account. You have until the tax filing deadline or extension deadline, if you file for a tax extension, to withdraw your excess contributions.