How do I deduct the $298.17 energy relief payment from my AK 2024 PFD. Do I have to claim that portion as income?

You have to report the Energy Relief Payment as income on your return so that your Form 1099-MISC matches IRS records, but then you'll exclude it from income.  

First, if you haven't yet entered your Permanent Fund Dividend, see the TurboTax Help article Where do I enter my Alaska Permanent Fund Dividend? for guidance.

Once that's entered, you need to make an adjustment for the energy relief payment.  To do this in TurboTax Online: 

1. Open TurboTax Online
2. Select  Tax Home in the left pane
3. Select the dropdown to the right of Wages & Income
4. Select  Start or Review/Edit
5. Scroll down and select the dropdown to the right of Less Common Income
6. Select  Edit, Edit/Add or Revisit to the right of Miscellaneous Income, 1099-A, 1099-C
7. On the  Let's Work on Any Miscellaneous Income page, select Start or Revisit to the right of Other reportable income
8. On the  Any Other Taxable Income? page, select Yes
9. On the  Other Taxable Income page, enter Energy Relief Payment in the Description box, and enter your adjustment amount as a negative number (i.e., -662, for example), then select Continue

If the TurboTax Online navigation described above doesn't look like what you're seeing, see the TurboTax Help article Why does the TurboTax navigation menu look different for me?.

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From the IRS: The 2024 Publication 525 has been revised to clarify that Alaska taxpayers must report the entire 2024 Alaska Permanent Fund Dividend payment amount, to include the energy relief payment portion. The entire $1,702 Alaska Permanent Fund Dividend payment for 2024 is taxable for federal income tax purposes and should be reported as income on Schedule 1 (Form 1040), line 8g.

link to IRS clarification:

Link to IRS.gov